In which situation should a nurse apply the ABCs (Airway, Breathing, Circulation) principle first?

The ABCs (Airway, Breathing, Circulation) principle is a fundamental concept in emergency care that helps prioritize life-saving interventions. In the context of responding to a patient collapse, applying these principles first is critical because a sudden collapse may indicate a life-threatening condition that could involve compromised airway or circulation.

When a patient collapses, the nurse must quickly assess whether the airway is clear, if the patient is breathing, and if circulation is adequate. This swift evaluation enables the nurse to identify any immediate threats to the patient's life and to take action, such as providing rescue breaths or initiating CPR if necessary. In emergency situations, addressing these core elements is paramount; delays in managing airway or circulation can significantly impact outcomes.

Other scenarios, such as administering medication, performing suctioning, or changing a dressing, generally do not carry the same level of immediate risk to life as a patient collapse. These actions can follow after ensuring that the patient's vital life-supporting functions are stable. Therefore, in the case of a patient collapse, applying the ABCs first is essential for ensuring that the most critical needs are addressed promptly.