When a nurse observes blanching, coolness, and edema at a peripheral IV site, what should be the first action?

In the scenario presented, the symptoms of blanching, coolness, and edema at a peripheral IV site indicate potential complications, such as infiltration or phlebitis. The presence of these symptoms suggests that the IV may not be functioning properly, which can lead to tissue damage if not addressed quickly. Therefore, the first and most critical action is to remove the IV catheter.

Removing the IV catheter is essential because leaving it in place could exacerbate the issue, causing further injury to the surrounding tissues or introducing an infection. After the catheter is removed, appropriate care can be taken to assess the extent of any injury and implement treatment measures, such as applying warm or cool compresses, ensuring that any necessary actions are taken to prevent complications.

Other actions, such as applying warm compresses, checking blood return, or notifying the physician, may follow the removal of the catheter but are not immediate priorities. Addressing the potential cause of irritation or damage by removing the catheter takes precedence to safeguard the patient's well-being.