When caring for a patient receiving intravenous fluids, what should the nurse monitor closely?

Monitoring electrolyte balance is essential when caring for a patient receiving intravenous fluids because IV fluids can significantly influence the levels of various electrolytes in the body. Intravenous fluids can either replace lost electrolytes or contribute to an imbalance, depending on the composition of the fluids being administered.

For example, if a patient is receiving a saline solution, it's crucial to monitor sodium levels, as excessive saline can lead to hypernatremia. Likewise, other IV fluids like lactated Ringer's or those containing potassium can affect potassium, calcium, and other electrolyte levels. Any imbalance in electrolytes can lead to serious complications, such as cardiac arrhythmias, muscle weakness, or neurologic issues.

The focus on electrolyte balance ensures that the nurse can detect and address any changes promptly, facilitating appropriate interventions and promoting patient safety during IV therapy.